Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER

Product Introduction

Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER is a combination medication primarily used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It contains two active ingredients: dapagliflozin (5 mg) and metformin (500 mg), each playing a crucial role in controlling blood sugar levels. This extended-release (ER) formulation is designed to release the medication slowly over time, providing a prolonged therapeutic effect. Manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies, Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER is typically prescribed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes diet, exercise, and lifestyle modifications.

Dapagliflozin belongs to a class of medications known as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. It works by preventing the kidneys from reabsorbing glucose back into the bloodstream, leading to the excretion of glucose through urine. Metformin, on the other hand, is a biguanide that decreases glucose production in the liver, improves insulin sensitivity, and enhances peripheral glucose uptake. The combination of these two mechanisms helps achieve better glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Uses of Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER

Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It is particularly useful for patients who are inadequately controlled on metformin alone or for those who are already being treated with the combination of dapagliflozin and metformin in separate tablets. The medication aims to improve glycemic control as an adjunct to diet and exercise.

This combination tablet helps manage blood sugar levels more effectively than either component alone. By utilizing two different mechanisms of action, Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER can provide more comprehensive glycemic control. It is not recommended for the treatment of type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Benefits of Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER

1. Improved Glycemic Control: Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER effectively lowers blood glucose levels by combining the benefits of dapagliflozin and metformin. This dual-action approach ensures more stable and consistent glycemic control throughout the day.
2. Convenience of Combination Therapy: For patients who require both dapagliflozin and metformin, taking a single combination tablet is more convenient than managing multiple medications. This can improve adherence to the prescribed treatment regimen.
3. Weight Management: Dapagliflozin, as part of the SGLT2 inhibitor class, is associated with weight loss due to the excretion of glucose and calories through urine. This can be particularly beneficial for overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
4. Reduced Risk of Hypoglycemia: The risk of hypoglycemia is generally lower with SGLT2 inhibitors like dapagliflozin compared to other antidiabetic medications such as sulfonylureas or insulin. When combined with metformin, the likelihood of experiencing low blood sugar episodes is minimized.
5. Cardiovascular and Renal Benefits: Studies have shown that dapagliflozin may provide cardiovascular and renal protection. It has been associated with a reduced risk of heart failure hospitalization and may slow the progression of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Side Effects of Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER

While Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER is generally well-tolerated, some patients may experience side effects. Common side effects include:

1. Gastrointestinal Issues: Metformin is known to cause gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort. These symptoms are often mild and transient, but in some cases, they may persist.
2. Urinary Tract Infections: Dapagliflozin increases glucose excretion in the urine, which can create a favorable environment for bacterial growth, leading to an increased risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Symptoms of UTIs include a frequent urge to urinate, pain or burning sensation during urination, and cloudy or foul-smelling urine.
3. Genital Infections: The use of SGLT2 inhibitors like dapagliflozin can also result in fungal infections of the genital area, such as yeast infections in women and balanitis in men. Maintaining good hygiene can help reduce this risk.
4. Hypoglycemia: Although the risk of hypoglycemia is lower with Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER compared to other antidiabetic medications, it can still occur, especially if taken with other glucose-lowering drugs. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include dizziness, sweating, confusion, and palpitations.
5. Dehydration and Volume Depletion: Dapagliflozin can cause an increase in urine output, leading to dehydration and volume depletion. Patients should be advised to stay well-hydrated and to recognize signs of dehydration, such as dizziness, dry mouth, and dark urine.
6. Lactic Acidosis: Although rare, metformin can cause a serious condition called lactic acidosis, particularly in patients with renal impairment or other predisposing factors. Symptoms include rapid breathing, muscle pain, abdominal pain, dizziness, and fatigue. Immediate medical attention is required if lactic acidosis is suspected.
7. Allergic Reactions: Some patients may experience allergic reactions to the components of Justoza-M 5/500 Tablet ER. Symptoms can include rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, and difficulty breathing. Any signs of an allergic reaction warrant immediate medical attention.